7/15/2005
How Can You Try a Case if Your Client Doesn't Come to See You?
How can you put together a decent trial strategy if they don't meet with you?I was concerned that the answer which came to mind might not reflect the experiences of other lawyers so I read the question to another lawyer and asked his opinion. He laughed at me: "If you can't do that you can't do criminal law."
That's a little blunter than I'd state it but generally true (at least in Virginia). It is more true of misdemeanors rather than felonies and more true of some misdemeanors than others.
Basically, if you practice in a particular locality for a while you know the disposition of the most common misdemeanors: marijuana, trespass, petit larceny, &cetera. You meet with your client for a few minutes before trial and ask the important questions:
1. What happened? (By this time I usually know the officer's version of the event)Most of the time with this information you can handle the basic case. It's not optimal but you had best be adept at it.
2. How do you want to plead?
3. Are there any witnesses you want to testify? Are they here?
4. What's your background (family, job, school, &cetera)?
If anything comes up which requires further research, non-present witnesses, or anything else then you go before the judge and ask for a continuance. Sometimes the judge will allow it; sometimes the judge will require you to go forward anyway. As an aside: By far, the reason a client most often wants a continuance is "I can't go to jail today." He'll come to court on his 6th driving suspended charge and be upset when I tell him that he's going to get some jail time. Judges are particularly unsympathetic to clients offering this reason (which is why, if there is any other reason I will offer it instead).
The important thing to remember is that in Virginia no matter what the result is and no matter how your client pled in General District Court he has an absolute right to a trial de novo in Circuit Court. This is because the lower trial court has constitutional deficiencies (i.e no juries) which can only be solved by allowing defendants the option of a brand new trial in the higher trial court with all the constitutional protections. In effect this makes the trial in the lower trial court into a type of preliminary hearing. The judge has the option of dismissing the case and if he does it is finished (unlike a regular prelim when a prosecutor can direct indict). However, if the judge finds your client guilty your client has the option of accepting the sentence or taking his shot with a jury or judge in the higher trial court. At that hearing you've seen the prosecutor's evidence, talked to your client and have had time to prepare for your case.
Felonies operate generally the same way. It still surprises me how many of my clients who are facing serious prison time don't come to see me before their first day in court. It makes some sense in misdemeanors wherein most people who have had frequent contact with the court realize that these are handled "on the day"; I'd still rather have prior contact but I understand. However, when facing 20+ years in prison you need to go see your lawyer. YOU NEED TO GO SEE YOUR LAWYER!!! Even when I set appointments these guys don't come to the office. I had one guy fail to show up both on last Friday at 4 p.m. and this Monday at 4 p.m.
Still, most felony trials have a preliminary hearing in the lower trial court. In Virginia we don't have those month long prelims I see on CourTv; a prelim usually lasts about as long as a misdemeanor trial (longest I've seen was an afternoon for a multiple defendant murder prelim). Even if the client hasn't come to see me I can talk to him on that day and basically get a glimpse at part of the prosecutor's evidence. The actual trial is usually a couple months later and there is time to prepare in between. Hopefully Client will come to the appointment I set for him when you meet at the prelim (or at least give me a working phone number).
Ken Lammers . . . Permalink . . . 4 comments 4 Comments:
Ken Lammers said on July 15, 2005
I started this post a couple day ago and finished it today. In the meantime I was talking to another attorney and he was telling me how some high muckity-muck in the Bar went to a trial court to observe and was shocked, just absolutely shocked to see defense attorneys walking to the front of the courtroom prior to trial and yell out client names. How could we not know our clients prior to the trial date. Every defense attorney who hears that grins because we all do that procedure. Sometimes the client never met with you, sometimes you've only had phone conversations, sometimes you met the client one time 3 moths ago for a 30 minute interview and the case has required nothing since. Even if you met the client two weeks ago Wednesday, so many faces and names rotate through our professional lives that it becomes difficult to remember anyone other than the jerks and saints.
I remember having the same reaction when I first started practicing. Now I look around and realize that a good number of those attorneys yelling out client names are among the most experienced and capable ones in the courtroom.
said on July 18, 2005
I'm the one who asked the initial question. I'm just a neophyte studying for the bar exam. I clerked for a firm that did civil trial work. The civil cases dragged on in time with mulitiple client meetings and extensive discovery, etc. It all seemed necessary because if you cross-xed a hostile witness, you had to have some record to hold them against, right?
I guess in these crim cases where you don't meet with a client, and obviously have very little time to do any form discovery, etc...the record you hold witnesses against are police reports, statements, and just common sense, no?
I'm curious, because I'm interested in practicing criminal defense.
Ken Lammers said on July 18, 2005
In Virginia discovery is very limited. Basically you get your client's statements, evidence the prosecutor feels is exculpatory (and, yes, I have had prosecutors give me this type of evidence), and you are supposed to get a copy of your client's record (but some places play games with this).
You must understand that in a lot of cases that the evidence is going to be what the police officer states against my client and his witnesses. The police report is not something I'm entitled to possess and the time I talk to an officer is generally right before court (there are tactical as well as practical reasons for this).
I guess what I'm stating is that a lot of criminal cases are done on the fly. You don't have anything to impeach a complaining witness with because there are no depositions before the trial. If you know that the case is going to the superior trial court you can tape record the hearing in the lower court to develop your own impeachment material (assuming the complaining witness changes her story).
It is always better when your client comes to see you ahead of time and lets you know what is going on. However, you must be able to function well when he does not.
said on July 19, 2005
I've heard it said you should never ask a question in cross you don't know the answer to. I guess that's not always feasible, eh?
In big crim cases there seems to be a lot of prep and discovery done. Why's that? If you don't mind me asking.
Post a Comment
Chapters 1 - 13
- LAWS
- Va.'s Versions of Mayhem (malicious wounding et al): 4 In One Statute ~ Graphic
- Aggravated Malicious Wounding
- The Moped Exception
- Rape by Lie: 1 ~ 2 ~ 3
- No Intent Needed
- Arresting in a House
- Common Law Trespass
- Certificate of Analysis Introduction
- Probable Cause: Car Passengers
- Obstruction of Justice Limited
- Stealing Electronic Items
- Stolen Value: Price Tags
- Stolen Value: No Price Tags
- Stolen Value: Electronic Items
- No Weekend Jail on Felonies
- Obstruction of Justice Limited
- No Trifurcation
- No More Beer at the Barbeque
- Respondeat Superior
- DUI & Reckless Driving
- Can You Steal From the Dead?
- Outlawry Outlawed
- Felony 2d Degree Murder
- Banishment
- Computer Fraud
- Insta-Deputy
- PROCEDURE
- Using Statements Made During Plea Negotiations: 1 ~ 2a ~ 2b ~ 2c
- Invoking Right to Attorney in Virginia
- Who Prosecutes Misdemeanors?
- Expungement
- Surrebuttal
- Virginia's Reasonable Doubt
- Reasonable Doubt II
- Instruction: Right to Arm
- Virginia Castle Doctrine1 ~ 2 ~ 3 ~
- Dismissed with Prejudice
- SENTENCING
- I. Limitations on Right of Judge to Alter a Sentence
- II. Limitations on Right of Judge to Alter a Sentence
- III. Limitations on Right of Judge to Alter a Sentence
- Probation & Suspended Time
- Advisement in Virginia
- Jury v. Judge (sentencing roles)
- Limits on Evidence Presentable to a Jury
- Jury Sentencing Possibilities
- &CETERA
- Witnesses & Writ of Actual Innocence
- Domestic Battery & Firearm Possession
- Domestic Battery & Testimony I
- Domestic Battery & Testimony II
- Domestic Battery & Testimony III
- Domestic Battery & Testimony IV
- Shall Doesn't Mean Shall
- Just Following Orders
- Lycurgus Not Welcome in Virginia
- Jones:Trespass = Search
- Shatzer:4th Amendment Expiration Date
- Gant: Limiting Car Searches
- Montejo: No more 6th Amendment Protections
- Padilla & the Prosecutor
- Ventris: Allowing Unconstitutional Questioning
- Carroll Doctrine
- Best Way to Choose a Judge
- What's a Prosecutor?
- Defense Attorney Purpose
- Plea Agreement Actualities
- The Big 4: Why I can't Go To Jail: 1 ~ 2
- Liquor Use Laws
- How to Fix Va.'s Court of Appeals
- Punishment Scale
- Punishment Scale Explained
- Punishment: There but for the Grace of God
- Heavy Sentences (1)
- Heavy Sentences (2)
- Probation
- Change Felonies to Misdemeanors
- Do Justice?
- Kentucky v. Virginia
- Must Prosecutors Disprove Affirmative Defenses?
- Drug Schedules & Punishment
- Defendants & Situational Sincerity
- 1) Immorality in Pleading Not Guilty
- 2) Immorality of Pleading Not Guilty
- Posner v. Hart & Strict Liability
- More Posner & Strict Liability
- Pre-Stare Decisis
- Let Juries Find People Innocent
- Tell Jury Elements Pretrial
- Falsity of Malum Prohibitum (1)
- Falsity of Malum Prohibitum (2)
- Falsity of Malum Prohibitum (3)
- Brady
- Writ of Spite & Hatred
- Various Riot Acts
- Tazers
- Finding of Innocent
- No Appellate Oral Arguments
- CrimJustice Purpose
- Pro Se Defendants
- Misdirecting the Police
- Stress Seekers?
- Plea Agreement
- Faking Probable Cause I
- Faking Probable Cause II
- Faking Probable Cause III
- Faking Probable Cause IV
- Legalese: Name Changes
- How Could We Best Select a Judge
- RICO & Bin Laden
- Requirement of Defense Attorneys
- Should Lawyers Make Clients Confess?
- Crummy Hired Defense Attorneys
- Noble Defense?
FEB03
Jury
Jury
JUN03
A Week in the Life
A Week in the Life
JUL03
A Week in the Life
OCT03
A Week in the Life
DEC03
A Week in the Life
JAN04
5 Events
A Needed Sign
A Week in the Life
Trial Desperation
A Week in the Life
A Week in the Life
Quick Panic
FEB04
Supress Motion
A Week in the Life
A Week in the Life
MAR04
A Week in the Life
Closing Argument
APR04
A Week in the Life
A Week in the Life
A Week in the Life
A Week in the Life
MAY04
A Week in the Life
A Week in the Life
A Week in the Life
JUN04
Chocolate Chip Marijuana
A Week in the Life
High School Critique
JUL04
A Week in the Life
Cripple v. Cop
01 Long Week
02 Long Week
03 Long Week
04 Long Week
05 Long Week
I'm a Narc
AUG04
Frustrating Day
Damn Yankee Defense
A Week in the Life
SEP04
Angry Relative
01 Long Week
OCT04
01 Long Week
02 Long Week
03 Long Week
04 Long Week
-----
01 Long Week
02 Long Week
03 Long Week
NOV04
Client Families
DEC04
01 Long Week
02 Long Week
03 Long Week
04 Long Week
05 Long Week
06 Long Week
Surprise at Prelim
Confronted
JAN05
A Sentencing Hearing
Sales Lady Visits
FEB05
Purse Search Brief
Violent Insane Client
MAR05
Affidavit of Truthfulness
Juvenile Detention Visit
Moments in the Life
Fail to Visit
APR05
Trial of the Century
MAY05
Transcript: Court Argument I Won
A Day in Court
Moments in the Life
Angry Jury Day
Angry Jury 02
JUN05
Eureka Sentencing Moment
My Own PI
Innovative Jail Phone Call
A Moment in Court
A Moment in Court
JUL05
Huh?
Raccoon Attack
AUG05
Picking on a Prosecutor Intern
Moments in the Life
SEP05
Victory by Speedy Trial
OCT05
Kicking Myself
A Day in the Life
Insane Client & 15 Deputies
Torture by Judge
A Federal Habeas
NOV05
Invisolawyer
Petition Freak Out
Moments in the Life
Moments in the Life
State Habeas
DEC05
Moments in the Life
JAN06
Jury Trial Fizzle
FEB06
A Bench Trial
Bittersweet "Victories"
A Prosecutor Tries to do Right
MAR06
What Just Happened?
Va. Worse than Conn.
Illness as a Defense Attorney
Failed Prison Visit
APR06
Heard in a Courthouse
Appellate Court Argument 01
Va. Court of Appeals
MAY06
Heard in Court
JUN06
Bad Press
Entire History of a Trial
Bad Press 02
JUL06
I Must be too Good
AUG06
Announce Becoming Prosecutor
The Last Life in a Week
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
CYA Letter: Felony Client
CYA Letter: Appeal
Conversation between Inmates about Lawyers
Innocent Client Pleads Guilty
Client Parents
JAN07
The New Office
FEB07
Different Court Diferent Behavior
Competency
MAR07
Cats
Ma'am I'm the Prosecutor
JUN07
I know nothing
23 Felonies
JUL07
Cross
Cross II
2d Simplest Explanation
OCT07
Jury
FEB08
CrimLaw Prosecutorial Corollary #1
MAY08
Paranoia
JUN08
Why Not Drop?
JUL09
Buy Me Dinner First
AUG09
Jury Sentencing Argument
SEP09
Is Litter Patrol Jail?
OCT09
Paperwork Closing Argument
APR10
Bubonic Bob & the Creative Judge
JUL10
Finding the Perfect Witness
APR12
Small Town Cop : Big City Lawyer
JUN12
Maturity Ain't Orange
Sentencing Law and Policy
FourthAmendment
Law of Criminal Defense
CrimProf
White Collar Crime Prof
4th Circuit
...
Simple Justice
Defending People
a public defender
Underdog
Indefensible
DUIblog
Southern District of Fla.
Criminal Defense
Harris Co. Crim Justice
...
Seeking Justice
Crime and Consequences
The Chicago Syndicate
Patterico's Pontifications
The Magistrate's Blog
Trials & Tribulations
Charon QC
Changing the Court
Virginia Blogs
SW Virginia Law
Va Poli Blogs
Vivian Page
Bearing Drift
Not Larry Sabato
Worthwhile
Bloggingheads.tv
Gruntled Center
WindyPundit
day by day
The Faculty Lounge
Legal Scholarship Blog
PrawfsBlog
Justice & Drugs
Ernie the Attorney
Bag & Baggage
Vlogs
TWIT Live
Spill.com
Tekzilla
Archive
February 2003
March 2003
April 2003
May 2003
June 2003
July 2003
August 2003
September 2003
October 2003
November 2003
December 2003
January 2004
February 2004
March 2004
April 2004
May 2004
June 2004
July 2004
August 2004
September 2004
October 2004
November 2004
December 2004
January 2005
February 2005
March 2005
April 2005
May 2005
June 2005
July 2005
August 2005
September 2005
October 2005
November 2005
December 2005
January 2006
February 2006
March 2006
April 2006
May 2006
June 2006
July 2006
August 2006
September 2006
October 2006
November 2006
December 2006
January 2007
February 2007
March 2007
April 2007
May 2007
June 2007
July 2007
August 2007
September 2007
October 2007
November 2007
December 2007
January 2008
February 2008
March 2008
April 2008
May 2008
June 2008
July 2008
August 2008
September 2008
October 2008
November 2008
December 2008
January 2009
February 2009
March 2009
April 2009
May 2009
June 2009
July 2009
August 2009
September 2009
October 2009
November 2009
December 2009
January 2010
February 2010
March 2010
April 2010
May 2010
June 2010
July 2010
August 2010
September 2010
October 2010
November 2010
December 2010
January 2011
February 2011
March 2011
April 2011
May 2011
June 2011
July 2011
August 2011
September 2011
October 2011
November 2011
December 2011
January 2012
February 2012
March 2012
April 2012
May 2012
June 2012
July 2012
August 2012
September 2012
October 2012
November 2012
December 2012
January 2013
February 2013
March 2013
April 2013
May 2013



